Munshi Premchand (July 31, 1880 – October 8, 1936)
Munshi Premchand was one of the greatest literacy figures of modern Hindi and Urdu literature. He was born in Lamahi near Varanasi where his father was a clerk in the post office.
Premchand has written about 300 short stories, several novels as well as many essays and letters. He has also written some plays. He also did some translations. Many of Premchand’s stories have been translated into English and Russian.
His Work Famous Stories:- Nashaa, Shatranj ke khiladi, Poos ki rat, Atmaram, Boodhi Kaki, Bade Bhaisahab, Kafan, Bade Ghar ki beti, Udhar ki Ghadi, Namak ka Daroga, Dikri ke Rupai.
Famous Novels:- Godaan, Karmabhoomi, Kaayakalp, Manorma, Nirmala, Pratigya, Rangbhoomi, Sevasadan, Vardaan, Gaban, Premashram, Mangalsootra.
Harivanshrai Bachchan (November 27, 1907 – January 18, 2003)
Harivanshrai ‘Bachchan’ Srivastav was a distinguished Hindi Poet, perhaps best known for his early work “Madhushala”. He is also the father of Bollywood film superstar, Amitabh Bachchan.
He was born as Harivanshrai Srivastav at a small town near Allahabad in the Uttar Pradesh. He was called “Bachchan” (meaning ‘child’) at home.
His Work Poems:- Madhushala, Tera haar, Madhubala, Madhukalash, Ekaant Sangeet, Satarangini, Halaahal, Khaadi ke Phool, Soot ki Mala, Milan Yamini, Bahut din beete, Jaal Sameta.
Miscellaneous:- Sopaan, Jangeet, Othello, Naye purane Jharokhe, Chausath roosi kavitaayein, Markat dweep ka swar, Naagar Geet, Hamlet, Pravaas ki Diary, King Lear, So-ham hans.
Nagarjun (1911 – November 5, 1998)
Nagarjun (Baba Nagarjun, Vaidya Nath Mishra, Yatri) was a major Hindi and Maithili poet who has also penned a number of novels, short stories, literacy biographies and travelogues.
He was born in a small village of Satlakha in Madhubani District of Bihar, India. He started his literacy career with Maithili poems by the pen name of Yatri in early 1930. By mid 1930s, he started writing poetry in Hindi.
His Work Poems:- Yugdhara, Khichri, Satrange Pankhon wali, Purani Juliyon ka Course.
Novels:- Balachnama, Rati Nath ki Chachi, Nai Paudh, Varun ke bete, Ugratara, Kumbhi Pak.
Essay Collections:- Anan Hinam Kriyanam
Mahadevi Verma (March 26, 1907 – September 11, 1987)
Mahadevi Verma wasa a well-known poet of the Chhayavaad generation, a period of romanticism in Modern Hindi poetry.
She was born in 1907 near Farrukhabad, Farrukhabad District, Uttar Pradesh of India in an enlightened family of lawyers. She was one of the four pillars of Chhayavaad in Hindi Literature alongwith Suryakant Tripathi ‘Nirala’, Jai Shankar Prasad and Sumitra Nandan Pant.
Her Work Prose:- Ateet ke chalchitra, Shrinkhla ki kadiya, Kshanda, Sankalpita, Smriti ki Rekhayen, Mera Parivar, Sambhashan, Sahityakaar ki Asatha, Path ke Sathi.
Poems:- Nihar, Rashmi, Neerja, Saandhya geet, Deepshikha, Saptaparna, Himalaya.
Collections:- Yama, Sandhini, Geetparva, Parikrama, Smarika, Smritichitra, Mahadevi Sahitya.
Ramdhari Singh ‘Dinkar’ (September 23, 1908 – April 24, 1974)
Ramdhari Singh ‘Dinkar’ was one of the most famous modern Hindi poets. He emerged as a rebellious poet with his nationalist poetry in pre-Independence days. His poetry exuded “Vira- Rasa”.
He was born at the Simariya village in Begusarai district of Bihar in a bhumihar family.
His Work Poems:- Renuka , Hunkaar(epic poem), Dwandwageet, Saamdheni, Rasavanti, Baapu, Kurukshetra, Rashmirathi, Urvashi, Dhoop aur Chhah, Itihaas ke aansoo, Neel Kusum, Mirch ka Mazaa, Dilli, Neem ke Patte, Suraj ka Byaah, Kavishri.
Maithili Sharan Gupt (August 3, 1886 – December 12, 1964)
Maithilisharan Gupt was one of the most famous modern Hindi poets. He was designated as the National Poet by the first government of the independent India.
Gupt was born in Chirgaon, Jhansi (UP). His father was Seth Ramcharan Gupta. He disliked school as a child , so his father arranged for his education at their home.
His Work Poetry:- Rang mein Bhang, Bharat-Bharati, Jayadrath Vadh, Vikat Bhat, Plassey ka Yuddha, Gurukul, Kisan, Panchavati, Siddharaj, Saket, Yashodhara, Arjan Aur Visarjan, Kaaba-Karbala, Jayabharat, Dwapar, Jahush, Vaitalik, Kunal.
Drama:- Tilottama(1916), Chandrahaas(1916), Anagh(1925), Vijay Parwa(1960)